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Altered Central Hemodynamics in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Artery Research volume 25, pages 107–112 (2019)Cite this article

Abstract

Background

Individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) have autonomic dysfunction impacting regulation of heart rate, Blood Pressure (BP), and peripheral vasoconstriction. This may alter central hemodynamics through different wave reflections. We investigated central hemodynamics including wave reflection during rest and a sympathoexcitatory stimulus [Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP)] in individuals with DS and controls.

Methods

Radial applanation tonometry was performed on participants with and without DS before and during 5-min LBNP stimulus of −20 mmHg. Waveforms were calibrated to mean and diastolic BP. Generalized transfer function was used to estimate aortic pressures [Systolic Blood Pressure (aSBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (aDBP), mean pressure (aMAP), pulse pressure (aPP)], Augmentation Index (AIx), augmentation index normalized for HR (AIx@75), Augmentation Pressure (AP), Reflection Index (RIx), Time to Reflection (Tr), forward and reflected wave magnitude (Pf and Pb).

Results

Fifteen individuals with DS (male n = 12, age 24 ± 4 years, BMI 28 ± 5 kg/m2) and 16 control participants (male n = 12, age 24 ± 4 years, BMI 25 ± 5 kg/m2) participated. Baseline differences showed greater AP, higher AIx and AIx@75, a greater RIx, shorter Tr and larger Pb in individuals with DS (p < 0.05). In response to LBNP, interaction effects were observed for AIx, AIx@75, AP, RIx and Pb, due to reductions in the outcomes in response to LBNP for individuals with DS with no change in the controls.

Conclusion

These results show that central hemodynamics and wave reflections are different in individuals with DS at rest and in response to LBNP, probably as a result of anatomical differences and reduced peripheral vasoconstrictive control during LBNP.

Highlights

  • Individuals with DS exhibit greater central hemodynamic load at rest.

  • Individuals with DS have greater indices of wave reflections at rest.

  • Individuals with DS maintained blood pressure during LBNP with reduced wave reflection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Integrative Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, AHSB (MC 517), 60612, Chicago, IL, USA

    Thessa Irena Maria Hilgenkamp, Elizabeth Cornellia Schroeder, Sang Ouk Wee, Georgios Grigoriadis, Alexander Jacob Rosenberg, Tracy Baynard & Bo Fernhall

  2. University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 South Maryland Parkway, 89154, Las Vegas, NV, USA

    Thessa Irena Maria Hilgenkamp

  3. California State University San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, 92407, San Bernardino, CA, USA

    Sang Ouk Wee

  4. University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, 76107, Fort Worth, TX, USA

    Alexander Jacob Rosenberg

Authors
  1. Thessa Irena Maria Hilgenkamp
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  2. Elizabeth Cornellia Schroeder
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  3. Sang Ouk Wee
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  6. Tracy Baynard
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  7. Bo Fernhall
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thessa Irena Maria Hilgenkamp.

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Peer review under responsibility of the Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology

Data availability statement: Data is available upon request.

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This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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Hilgenkamp, T.I.M., Schroeder, E.C., Wee, S.O. et al. Altered Central Hemodynamics in Individuals with Down Syndrome. Artery Res 25, 107–112 (2019). https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.2991/artres.k.191204.001

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  • DOI: https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.2991/artres.k.191204.001

Keywords

Artery Research

ISSN: 1876-4401

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