Table 1 Summary of Extracted Radiomic Features and their Classes

B-mode

First Order Features

7

Mean value

Skewness

Kurtosis

Entropy

Energy

Median value

Stand deviation

Higher Order Features (texture features)

Grey Level Distance Matrix (GLDM)

4

Mean entropy

Entropy

Contrast

Angular second moment

Neighboring Grey Level Dependence Matrix (NGLDM)

5

Coarseness

Contrast

Busyness

Complexity

Strength

Grey Level Size Zone Matrix (GLSZM)

8

Small Zone Emphasis

Large Zone Emphasis

Gray-Level Non-uniformity

Zone-Size Non-uniformity

Zone Percentage

Gray-Level Variance

Zone-Size Variance

Zone entropy

Grey Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM)

8

Short Run Emphasis

Long Run Emphasis

Gray-Level Nonuniformity

Run-Length Nonuniformity

Run Percentage

Gray-Level Variance

Run-Length Variance

Run entropy

Gray Level Dependence Matrix^a

5

Small number emphasis (finess index)

large number emphasis (coarsness index)

Number non-uniformity

Entropy

DCENT entropy

Averaged features across 4 directions

10

Mean homogeneity

Mean energy

Mean local homogeneity

Mean Autocorrelation

Mean Correlation

Mean Dissimilarity

Mean sum average

Mean entropy

Mean Contrast

Mean variance

Wavelet Transform

Wavelet features

24

MeanVett 1–12 (Mean)

SdVett 1–12 (standard deviation)

Fractal Analysis

Fractal Analysis features

3

FD average

FD standard deviation

FD lacunarity

Radio-frequency

Frequency domain

Spectral Features

12

spectral slope

spectral Intercept

Mid Band Fit

S1 parameter

S2 Parameter

S3 Parameter

S4 parameter

signal power

Spectral centroid

Spectral Bandwidth

spectral flatness

Cress factor

Time Domain Features

Time Series

5

Kurtosis

cross zero count

cross zero SD

Peaks

Fussy Entropy

Nagakami distribution

Nakagami distribution mean diagram

1

M parameter

Spatial Features

Skewness of spectrum difference Map

43

First Order Features^a

Grey Level Distance Matrix^a

Grey Level Size Zone Matrix^a

Grey Level Run Length Matrix^a

Gray Level Dependence Matrix^a

Averaged features across 4 directions^a

Direct Energy attenuation map

43

First Order Features^a

Grey Level Distance Matrix^a

Grey Level Size Zone Matrix^a

Grey Level Run Length Matrix^a

Gray Level Dependence Matrix^a

Averaged features across 4 directions^a